The role of sleep in memory consolidation and generalization is complex and multifaceted. Sleep strengthens memory consolidation by facilitating the integration of new information into long-term memory networks, with processes like fast mapping enabling rapid cortical plasticity. Sleep is believed to play a role in generalization by transforming specific episodic memories into more abstract semantic knowledge, though research shows mixed findings on the effects of sleep on generalization. Studies on spatial memory, language learning, and fear conditioning reveal that sleep can either support or hinder generalization depending on the context, with REM sleep often playing a significant role. Moreover, mechanisms such as sleep spindle activity and targeted memory reactivation during sleep further influence the consolidation and generalization of both factual and emotional memories. However, not all types of learning benefit equally from sleep, suggesting that sleep’s effects on memory and generalization are task-specific. Continue reading Sleep’s effects on memory and generalization: continuation